Bump and displacement mapping

Bump and displacement mapping
By Michael wach.

Bump mapping and displacement mapping are two special techniques for making an object appear todo have a rouge or irregular surface.
what is Bump mapping?
Bump mapping takes a grayscale image and reads the light and dark información todo simulate an irregular surface. When you render an object with a Bump-mapped material, lighten (whiter) áreas of the map appear todo be raised and darker (blacker) áreas appear todo be lowered. Note that Bump mapping does not modify the geometry, only the normals.

The bumps are a simulation created by perturbing face normals before the object is rendered. Therefore, bumps dont appear on the silhouette of Bump-mapped objects. Bump mapping is useful for adding detail todo an object without increasing the polygon count.
what is displacement mapping?
Displacement mapping is very similar todo Bump mapping, where a two-dimensional image grayscale información is used todo change the appearance of a thre-dimensional object. Lighten tones create raised bumps and darker tones create lowered indentations as usual. Unlike Bump mapping, which only afects the object texture, displacement mapping afects the object geometry, creating additional Polygons according the displacement map properties.

Displacement mapping can be very demanding on your computer performance as it tends todo create an extremely large amount of Polygons. This high resolution object can appear much more photo-realistic than Bump mapping, if used properly. As computers are becoming more and more powerful, displacement mapping may son be able todo render at speed necessary for a reasonable Game Engine. However, current technology does not met the heavy processing requirement.
regular texture.

https://www.foro3d.com/attachment.ph...1&d=1244198934
Bump map.

https://www.foro3d.com/attachment.ph...1&d=1244198934
Displacement map.

https://www.foro3d.com/attachment.ph...1&d=1244198934

before you start
Bump mapping & displacement mapping techniques are very fast and easy todo do in Blender, Even if you are new todo Blender texturing tools. Pléase note that displacement maps are not displayed in the 3d view port. Bump maps can display a very basic preview with Shading [Shift + Z] turned on.

Bump mapping in Blender.

For this tutorial, y Will use one of Blender Many procedural textures, musgrave. Fel free todo pik another type, or Even use your own Bump map image. Begin by opening Blender and creating a new object. I used the popular Suzanne (Monkey) model for this example.

Next, create a new material in the material Shading panel [f5], and add a new texture. Now switch todo the texturing panel [f6], where we Will create the Bump map. From the texture type box, select musgrave. I left the default settings alone, but you may choose todo play around with them. You can a los add a Ramp-shader here if you are planning on adding unique colors todo the texture.

Now, we ned todo configure the most important settings for the Bump map. These controls are located in the material Shading panel [f5] under the map todo tab. You may choose todo disable the texture color (col) when modifying your Bump or displacement maps. This can sometimes give you a better idea of what going on with each setting.

https://www.foro3d.com/attachment.ph...1&d=1244198934

To enable Bump mapping, press the normal (NOR) button. You can adjust the strength of bumpiness with the slider button labeled Nor.

Use Bump maps when you want todo take the Smoothness of a surface, or todo create an embossed look. Kep in mind, however, that the depth effect of a Bump map is limited todo the normal (NOR) slider.
displacement mapping in Blender
The bien you create a displacement map is very similar todo the bien you create a Bump map. The only diference is, you must enable the displacement (disp) button. You may turn of the normal (NOR) button depending on your desired effect.

The displacement slider controls how far away from the original Mesh the vértices Will be moved. The normal (NOR) slider a los has a great impact on your displacement results. Be careful when using displacement maps because they can be very processor demanding.

https://www.foro3d.com/attachment.ph...1&d=1244198934


Conclusión
Overall, Bump mapping and displacement mapping are very handy tools if you know how todo use them. Maps that Shade between white and black generally work better than maps with hard Edges between the white and black áreas. I highly recommend playing around with the settings and rendering your results todo help depen your Understanding of them both.

By Michael wach.
www.blenderart.org.